Devotion to Our Lady |
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ELIZABETHAN ENGLISH OF SHAKESPEARE'S DAY
“All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances; and one man in his time plays many parts, his acts being seven ages. At first the infant, mewling and puking in the nurse’s arms. Then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining morning face, creeping like snail unwillingly to school. And then the lover, sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad made to his mistress’ eyebrow. Then a soldier, full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard, jealous in honor, sudden and quick in quarrel, seeking the bubble reputation even in the cannon’s mouth. And then the justice, in fair round belly with good capon lin’d, with eyes severe and beard of formal cut, full of wise saws and modern instances; and so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts into the lean and slipper’d pantaloon, with spectacles on nose and pouch on side; his youthful hose, well sav’d, a world too wide for his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, turning again toward childish treble, pipes and whistles in his sound. Last scene of all, that ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion; sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.” [“sans” is a French word for “without”] |
MODERN-DAY ENGLISH OF TODAY
“The whole world is a stage, and all the men and women merely actors. They have their exits and their entrances, and in his lifetime a man will play many parts, his life separated into seven acts. In the first act he is an infant, whimpering and puking in his nurse’s arms. Then he’s the whining schoolboy, with a book bag and a bright, young face, creeping like a snail unwillingly to school. Then he becomes a lover, huffing and puffing like a furnace as he writes sad poems about his mistress’s eyebrows. In the fourth act, he’s a soldier, full of foreign curses, with a beard like a panther, eager to defend his honor and quick to fight. On the battlefield, he puts himself in front of the cannon’s mouth, risking his life to seek fame that is as fleeting as a soap bubble. In the fifth act, he is a judge, with a nice fat belly from all the bribes he’s taken. His eyes are stern, and he’s given his beard a respectable cut. He’s full of wise sayings and up-to-the-minute anecdotes: that’s the way he plays his part. In the sixth act, the curtain rises on a skinny old man in slippers, glasses on his nose and a money bag at his side. The stockings he wore in his youth hang loosely on his shriveled legs now, and his bellowing voice has shrunk back down to a childish squeak. In the last scene of our play—the end of this strange, eventful history—our hero, full of forgetfulness, enters his second childhood: without teeth, without eyes, without taste, without everything.” |
THE LITURGY BEFORE THE SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL
Blessing and Distribution of Ashes
The Opening Antiphon At the altar, before Mass begins, the Priest, standing with hands joined, says: Hear me, O Lord, for Thy mercy is kind! Look upon me according to the multitude of Thy tender mercies, O Lord! (Psalm 68:17). Save me, O God: for the waters are come in even unto my soul! (Psalm 68:2). Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. Hear me, O Lord, for Thy mercy is kind! Look upon me according to the multitude of Thy tender mercies, O Lord! (Psalm 68:17). First Prayer Over the Ashes The Priest, standing with hands joined, says: Let us pray: Almighty, everlasting God, spare those who are repentant, be merciful to those who pray to Thee, and graciously send Thy holy angel from Heaven to bless ☩ and sanctify ☩ these ashes, that they may be a wholesome remedy for all who humbly implore Thy Holy Name; who accuse themselves by acknowledging their sins, who weep for their evil deeds in the sight of Thy divine mercy; who humbly and earnestly seek Thy fatherly love. Grant to us who call upon Thy Holy Name, that all who are sprinkled with these ashes for the forgiveness of their sins, may receive health for their bodies and salvation for their souls. Through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. Second Prayer Over the Ashes Let us pray: O God, Thou Who desirest not the death but the repentance of sinners, look graciously upon the weakness of our human nature, and, in Thy fatherly love, mercifully bless ☩ these ashes which are to be placed upon our heads as a sign of humility and a pledge of Thy forgiveness. We know that we are but ashes, and because of our wickedness must return to dust. May we obtain, from Thee, mercy the pardon of all our sins and the rewards promised to those who repent. Through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. Third Prayer Over the Ashes Let us pray: O God, Thou Who art moved by our acts of humility and appeased by our works of penance, turn Thy ear lovingly to our prayers, and, by the ashes sprinkled upon the heads of Thy servants, mercifully pour forth upon them the grace of Thy blessing, fill them with the spirit of repentance and truly grant what they ask for in the right way; and may whatever Thou grant, remain fixed and unchanged always. Through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. Fourth Prayer Over the Ashes Let us pray: Almighty, everlasting God, Who bestowed upon the people of Ninive, who repented in sackcloth and ashes, Thy merciful remedies, graciously grant that we may so imitate their outward behavior as inwardly to obtain Thy forgiveness. Through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. THE IMPOSITION OF ASHES The priest then sprinkles the ashes three times with Holy Water and then incenses the ashes with the censer (thurible) three times. Then the Priest places ashes on the head of all those present who come to him, and says to each one: Remember man that thou art dust and to dust thou shall return! Antiphons Sung During the Distribution of Ashes ANTIPHON 1 Let us change our garment for ashes and sackcloth! Let us fast and lament before the Lord! For our God is plenteous in mercy to forgive sins! (Joel 2:13). ANTIPHON 2 Between the porch and the altar the priests the Lord’s ministers shall weep, and shall say: "Spare, O Lord, spare Thy people! And shut not the mouths of them that sing to Thee, O Lord!" (Joel 2:17). THE RESPONSORIAL (taken from Esther ch. 13; Joel ch. 2, Psalm 78:9). Responsory: Let us amend for the better in those things in which we have sinned through ignorance: lest suddenly overtaken by the day of death, we seek space for penance, and are not able to find it. Hear O Lord, and have mercy: for we have sinned against Thee! Help us, O God, our Savior! And, for the glory of Thy Name, O Lord, deliver us! And forgive us our sins for Thy Name’s sake! O Lord deliver us! Listen, O Lord!” Versicle: Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. Listen, O Lord! The Final Prayer Let us pray: Grant us, O Lord, to take up our duty as soldiers of Christ by holy fasting, that we, who are going to struggle with the evil spirits, may be protected by the help of self-restraint! Through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. |
THE LITURGY AFTER THE SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL
Blessing and Distribution of Ashes
The Opening Address After the Homily, the Priest, standing with hands joined, says: Dear brethren (brothers and sisters), let us humbly ask God our Father that he be pleased to bless with the abundance of his grace these ashes, which we will put on our heads in penitence. Prayer Over the Ashes After a brief prayer in silence, and, with hands extended, he continues: (The following prayer corresponds to the Third Prayer in the pre-Vatican II rite) O God, who are moved by acts of humility and respond with forgiveness to works of penance, lend Your merciful ear to our prayers and in Your kindness pour out the grace of Your blessing on your servants who are marked with these ashes, that, as they follow the Lenten observances, they may be worthy to come with minds made pure to celebrate the Paschal Mystery of Your Son. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. (Notice that in the above prayer, the rubrics do not indicate a blessing with the sign of the cross ☩ , but merely invokes God to bless) (Later the following SHORTENED prayer replaced the prayer just above) Lord, bless the sinner who asks for Your forgiveness and bless ☩ all those who receive these ashes. May they keep this Lenten season in preparation for the joy of Easter. We ask this through Christ our Lord. Response: Amen. Or: [this being given a choice, either / or, means that ONLY ONE prayer is said. (The following prayer corresponds to the Second Prayer in the pre-Vatican II rite) O God, who desire not the death of sinners, but their conversion, mercifully hear our prayers and in your kindness be pleased to bless ☩ these ashes, which we intend to receive upon our heads, that we, who acknowledge we are but ashes and shall return to dust, may, through a steadfast observance of Lent, gain pardon for sins and newness of life after the likeness of Your Risen Son. Who lives and reigns for ever and ever. Amen. (Later the following SHORTENED prayer replaced the prayer just above) Lord, bless these ashes ☩ by which we show that we are dust. Pardon our sins and keep us faithful to the discipline of Lent, for you do not want sinners to die but to live with the risen Christ, who reigns with you for ever and ever. Much has been lost by way of instruction, teaching, symbolism and spiritual significance by only saying ONE prayer, and omitting the other THREE prayers from the Pre-Vatican II Ritual of Blessing. THE IMPOSITION OF ASHES The priest then sprinkles the ashes with Holy Water (the rubrics give no mention of how many times) but does not incenses the ashes.Then the Priest places ashes on the head of all those present who come to him, and says to each one: Repent, and believe in the Gospel. (notice this is the first choice) Or: Remember that you are dust, and to dust you shall return. (this is in second place) Antiphons Sung During the Distribution of Ashes ANTIPHON 1 Let us change our garments to sackcloth and ashes, let us fast and weep before the Lord, that our God, rich in mercy, might forgive us our sins. ANTIPHON 2 Cf. Joel 2:17; Esther 4:17 Let the priests, the ministers of the Lord, stand between the porch and the altar and weep and cry out: "Spare, O Lord, spare Your people; do not close the mouths of those who sing Your praise, O Lord!" ANTIPHON 3 Psalm 51 (50):3 Blot out my transgressions, O Lord. THE RESPONSORIAL Cf. Baruch 3:2; Psalm 79 (78):9 Responsory: Let us correct our faults which we have committed in ignorance, let us not be taken unawares by the day of our death, looking in vain for leisure to repent. Versicle: Help us, O God our Savior; for the sake of Your Name, O Lord, set us free. The references to God by the words "You" and "Your" have been capitalized here, though in the original text, as is sadly the case with the modern Church, in addition to throwing out the more reverential "Thee", "Thou", "Thy", "Thine", their replacement words--"you" and "your"--are not even capitalized in most cases. |
BELOW: A photo of Johnny Hoogerland's barbed-wire lacerated calf. Other parts of his body were just as lacerated.
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The Toughest Race in the World
The race that is being referred to is the Tour de France― which is an annual men’s multiple stage bicycle race, primarily held in France, that lasts 23 days with 21 day-long riding stages over all kinds of terrain―flat stages, hilly stages and several mountain stages with several mountainous peaks with interchanging climbs and descents. The race took place in 1903 and has been held annually except for breaks during the two World Wars. In the early years, the Tour de France had 14 rest days for the 21 stages―because of the much longer distances overall and per day (around 3,500 miles total and an average of 160 miles per day, compared to 2,200 miles total and 100 miles per day these days), the riders would need those 14 rest days for one day’s riding would mean around 12 hours in the saddle and would stretch into the night, so that they would need the next day to recover. Today it is an international event, attracting the fittest professional riders from all over the world, who ride for the now customary 22 or so teams that enter the Tour de France, with each team having eight riders. The Tour de France is probably the hardest endurance event in the world. Exercise scientists have calculated the riders’ TRIMP value (“training impulse,” or training volume multiplied by training intensity) for the 21-day long-haul to be at an astronomical 7,112. For comparison’s sake, the TRIMP for running a marathon is only about 300. In other words, it is even more than the energy output of running 21 marathons in 23 days, which would only total a TRIMPT value of 6,300 compared to the 7,112 of the Tour de France race. For most people, biking 125 miles over rugged mountain passes would be the challenge of a lifetime. But cyclists competing in the Tour de France are tackling such physical feats almost every day for three weeks ― covering more than 2,000 miles and powering through nine mountain stages, including one next week that will finish on a 8,677-foot (2,645-meter) summit. In the early years―the early 1900s―the Tour de France was usually ridden around the entire perimeter (circumference) of France―which always made the race over 3,000 miles long―with riders cycling a minimum of 200 miles daily. Nowadays, the route changes annually is usually anywhere from 2,000 to 2,400 miles long. The longest Tour de France was in 1926, with a total distance of 3,570 miles over 17 stages―which translates to an average of 210 miles a day (stage) and was ridden at an average speed of 15 miles per hour on much, much heavier bikes than professional cyclists have today. The fastest modern day average speed was 25 miles per hour over a distance of 2,115 miles. To give you an idea of what 2,000 miles looks like―Toronto, Canada, to Miami in Florida is merely 1,400 miles by road or 1,200 “as the crow flies” (straight line). The distance from New York City to Denver Colorado is only 1,700 miles by road, or 1,600 miles by air. The distance, coast to coast, from New York City to Los Angeles is only 2,700 miles by road, or 1,600 miles by air―which is still short of the distance covered by the Tour de France cyclists in the early years (varying annually from around 3,000 to 3,500 miles). “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). A Day In The Life of a Tour de France Cyclist Around 195 top-level professional cyclists start the race―only around 130 ever finish the race. That shows how hard it is―even for the elite professional cyclists of the world. Here is an example of one particular year’s schedule. DAY 1: 127 miles, about 9 hours saddle time DAY 2: 94 miles, about 7 hours saddle time with 3 pretty big hills DAY 3: 87 miles, about 7 hours saddle time with 4 pretty big hills DAY 4: quick 15 mile sprint (Team Time Trial) DAY 5: 137 miles, about 10 hours saddle time, 4 small hills DAY 6: 106 miles, about 7 hours of saddle time DAY 7: 123 miles, about 8.5 hours saddle time, 2 pretty big and 1 substantial hill DAY 8: 117 miles, about 9 hours saddle time, 2 mountains, one climbing up 5k feet DAY 9: 101 miles, about 8.5 hours, 5 mountains that'll hurt DAY 10: finally a day off DAY 11: 118 miles, about 9 hours, pretty flat DAY 12: quick 20 mile sprint (individual time trial) DAY 13: 130 miles, about 9 hours, flat DAY 14: 104 miles, about 6.5 hours, flat DAY 15: 114 miles, about 7.5 hours, 7 substantial hills DAY 16: 145 miles, 11+ hours, 4 hills plus 5000 ft of pain straight up Mt. Ventoux DAY 17: another rest day (you'll need it) DAY 18: 101 miles, 7 hours, 3 big hills DAY 19: quick 20 mile sprint (individual time trial) DAY 20: 103 miles, 10 hours, up the mountain Alpe d'Huez (6,102 feet) TWICE!!! Pain! Pain! Pain! DAY 21: 122 miles, 11 hours, 2 big alpine mountains and 3 more big climbs DAY 22: 75 miles, 7 hours, 4 more mountain climbs DAY 23: 80 miles, 6 hours into Paris down the Champs-Elysées “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). No Lukewarm Riders The Tour de France is probably the most physically demanding major sporting event in the world. Over 23 days and 21 stages, riders burn an average of roughly 5,000 calories per day, which is almost twice as much as a professional marathon runner might burn in a single race―but whereas the marathon runner stops running after one race, these cyclists repeat the same gruesome race 21 times over 23 days―and all the while they must maintain a sharp mind, marking their opponents and working with teammates to go fast as efficiently possible before their bodies cave in. Cycling a grand Tour is as much a fight against one’s own body as it is against opponents. Quite literally, cyclist’s bodies begin fighting back after the first week. Riders begin to lose muscle, their immunes systems tank, and they practically have to force feed themselves in order to maintain the baseline system functionality to climb mountain roads, such as the feared Alpe d’Huez which rises to over 6,000 feet. Just as in the spiritual life, lukewarmness means the death of the cyclist. To win the race, it is a case of “all or nothing”―or, as Our Lord says: “the Kingdom of Heaven suffereth violence, and the violent bear it away!” (Matthew 11:12). The Tour de France cyclist are far from being lukewarm, half-hearted, or half-committed. The amount of energy they expend for the worldly goal puts the layman to shame! If you’re the kind of sensible person who stops riding when you’re sick, or injured, or exhausted, or in extreme glucose debt (a.k.a. hypoglycemia or the “bonk”), you’ll never be a professional cyclist. These guys don’t quit. When the body doesn’t have excess fat to break down for fuel, it breaks down muscle. The Tour de France riders are literally cannibalizing themselves to get through the race. Even so, they don’t quit. They begin the Tour looking like strong, fit and gaunt athletes. Many of them finish looking emaciated. “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). Using Phenomenal Amounts of Energy The U.S. Department of Agriculture says that, on average, an adult American woman needs between 1,800 and 2,400 calories each day to support her normal activities. The range for adult men is between 2,400 and 3,000 calories. A professional cyclist riding in the Tour de France, will typically burn about 4,000 calories on an “easy” stage. Average stages require between 4,000 and 6,000 calories to complete the stage. Grueling mountain stages demand calorie burns of 7,000 calories or more. A Tour de France rider will burn enough calories during a six-hour mountain stage to fuel an average person’s activity for two to four days. At first glance it might not look to be much― a little bit more than twice as many calories a day as an average person. However, this fails to see that 2,400 calories is what an average person burns in 24 hours, whereas the professional cyclist burns between 4,000 and 7,000 calories in the 5 to 10 hours while they’re racing. They still have to live and burn calories after the race is over―which means burning calories for another 14 to 19 hours before and after the race―which will use up a few more thousand calories. “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). No Fasting, But Force-Feeding In order to have enough body fuel and energy for a day during the Tour de France, a rider needs an 8,000 calories per day diet, a rider will typically consume about 1,000 calories before the race starts. They will then try to consume approximately 1,500 calories during the race. This leaves roughly 5,500 calories to choke down between the time the race ends in the late afternoon or early evening and the time the usually exhausted rider goes to sleep. Consuming this many calories is not an easy thing to do. Eating on the bike is hard. Riders don’t have time to eat during hard efforts or long mountain descents. Sometimes when they do have the time, the thought of putting food in your mouth is nauseating. Even when the idea of eating doesn’t turn your stomach, the hassle of eating while riding can seem like it’s more trouble than it’s worth. Because of the constant need for glucose to fuel muscle activity, a rider’s calorie intake is overbalanced toward carbohydrates. Too many carbohydrates, in too short a time, leads to nausea and vomiting. Fall a little short and you don’t have the energy you need to compete; overdo it a little bit and you and your stomach are in for an unpleasant ride. Eating off the bike is also hard, because there are so many calories that have to be consumed and so little time to consume them. Eating becomes more difficult as the race wears on over days and weeks. Exhaustion and fatigue accumulate and riders experience appetite loss. Meals become increasingly unpalatable as the rider’s extreme dietary requirements result in eating the same things on the same schedule day after day. The goal may be to consume 6,000 to 8,000 calories a day, but few riders are successful at meeting this goal throughout the course of the Tour. They inevitably fall behind and, once that occurs, it is almost impossible to catch up. When calorie intake falls behind the demands of the stressed body, the body begins to feed on itself to get the energy it needs to finish the stage. “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). No Party-Poopers Here! Spending all those hours in the saddle, without being able to stop for a lunch-break (having to eat from sacks or pouches as you ride), brings about an inevitable and delicate question. Life is life and nature stops for no one! Though not many speak of these things, these things will not go away. As they say: “If ya gotta go, ya gotta go!” This is another example of how far dedicated athletes will go in order to win that “prize”―but there are no prizes for pooping! Nevertheless, the demands of nature will not go away just because of an important race. Since Our Lord spoke of things that “goeth out into the privy” meaning into the toilet bowl (Mark 7:19), a brief word about “the privy” can be said here too! Here is an extract from an article that deals with this delicate issue that besieges every single rider in the Tour de France. Let it be lesson that shows to what degree those dedicated athletes are prepared go to in order to win a prize! Way back in the early days of the Tour de France, when a cyclist had to use the bathroom, the entire race used to stop and wait for him to finish in a proper bathroom/restroom/toilet (call it what you will, according to the country you live in). Of course, this was back when cycling races like the Tour de France were more about being gentlemanly than about vigorously competitive. As races became more competitive, some riders would still stop to use a bathroom/restroom/toilet, but the other riders would not stop with them, but use that to their advantage and push on. Today, there’s time on each stage for a few bathroom. In the Tour and many other big races, the race leader is king. If he has to go, he can call a bathroom break whenever he desires, says Stephen Hall, a professional rider with OTOC-Vault Racing Team and a stage winner at the Tour of Thailand. A former Tour professional rider, Jonathan Vaughters, says: “Generally, the big pee break of the day occurs when the breakaway of the day is finally established, sometimes after five minutes, sometimes after two hours. The yellow jersey (the race leader, who currently holds the fastest time for the Tour, is given the yellow jersey to identify him as the race leader) will roll to the front and make a sign to everyone to see he’s stopping for a pee break. That’s like a truce flag on a battlefield. If that happens, a bathroom break is like an oasis in the desert—you take advantage of it when you see it. The peloton (the main group or pack of riders) will slow up a bit, and you'll pull over to the side of the road. Once your business is finished, you’ll work together to navigate back to pack. Usually there are at least two, sometimes three pee breaks.” Outside of those two or three pee breaks, nobody stops for anything short of the apocalypse and having to pee or poop does not count as apocalyptic. One Tour de France professional says: “Generally speaking, you’re better off peeing down your leg than using too much energy flapping around in the convoy!” Today, elite athletes will just poop in their pants and continue on. These professional cyclists compete to the point that their body is beyond just being stressed ― it feels likes it is dying. The heart rate is going haywire, it’s difficult to breathe, and the muscles are so tired and overworked that they feel as if they are literally screaming to stop torturing them. These riders can be on the verge of unconsciousness, sometimes death, and because their bodily biology doesn’t know that they are doing this for a ‘fun’ race, their body thinks it is in serious danger. A big part of the body’s response to the danger signal is to shut down the digestive system, so that the blood flow can be routed to areas that will keep you alive―the brain, muscles, and lungs. This can result in one of two responses by the digestive system: puking or pooping. Puking is something people expect of athletes, but the pooping part is something people don’t talk about. Some bike shorts have padding that can essentially double as an adult diaper if need be. Alternatively, riders will sprint off in front and get ahead of the peloton (the main group or pack of riders) to take a break. That way, by the time they’re done, the field has caught up and they’re ready to join back in. If there’s no break in sight, racers will gather up some teammates to give them a push while they go from the bike—it’s just about impossible to pedal and pee at the same time. Just one more slap in the face that proves that the “children of darkness” have more dedication than the “children of light”! And they do it for an earthly crown, a worldly prize, a materialistic gain! How much more of a prize is Heaven? Yet we complain about the slightest, most trivial, inconsequential, stupid little things! “The children of this world are wiser in their generation than the children of light!” (Luke 16:8). “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). No Dragging Your Heels (or Wheels) You could say that riding a bike on the Tour de France is similar to carrying your cross in the race for Heaven. The bike is an added weight for the rider―but guess what, you can’t win the Tour de France without a bike―just like you can’t win the race for Heaven without a cross! The average speed over the entire Tour de France race―which includes the flat roads, the mountain ascents or climbs, and the super-fast mountain downhill descents―is around 25 miles per hour. When the riders are all together in the peloton (the main group of cyclists) and nothing exciting is going on, then they will pedal at this speed, sometimes slower if it's a super long, hard stage, with around 10 hours in the saddle, and at times they will move along faster if they have a tailwind, or they want to make sure that isolated breakaway riders don't get too far ahead. Then they will hit speeds of 30 miles per hour or faster. As regards the so-called “Time Trial”, which has individual riders, released at staggered intervals, having to ride a set distance over a variety of terrains―sometimes it may be mainly flat, at other times it will undulating terrain, at other times it will be a continuous mountain climb. They are on their own fighting the clock. The fastest average speed in a time trial at 34.5 miles per hour, which obviously means at times the pedal faster and at times slower. At the end of a day’s racing, having spent many hours in the saddle and suffering from muscle pain and fatigue, the riders who are leading the race find energy to spring for the finishing line. When the leaders go for a sprint finish, they will often hit speeds of over 40 miles per hour (there is that number “forty” again! 40 days of Lent, 40 days of Our Lord in the desert fasting, 40 years wandering in the desert with Moses, etc.). Recorded data from one finishing line spring showed the winning cyclist hitting speeds of 44 miles per hour in order to win. The top mountain climb cyclists ride up the mountains at an average speed of 12 miles per hour―though that depends upon the steepness of the climb and also how many miles they have to climb. Some climbs can stretch out for as many as 15 miles. The record average speed for climbing the towering mountain Alpe d’Huez is around 14 miles per hour over an eight mile climb, taking a total of 38 minutes, over an average gradient of 8% with its steepest part being 12%, while climbing up a total of just over 6,000 feet. When you are working at a high output at altitude, and you’re super fit, your body relies heavily on oxygen, and with a low oxygen availability and partial pressure of oxygen in that environment, the fitter you are, the more you suffer. Your body also uses a lot more carbohydrate and your respiration rate and heart rate are also elevated. Cycling uphill is a pain! But what goes up, must come down! The best part of cycling is, of course, going downhill! Obviously! The Englishman, Chris Froome, stated the obvious during the 2017 Tour de France, when he reached spectacular speeds during his descent on the way to a victory on stage eight of the Tour de France, stating afterwards: “I felt like a kid again, just trying to ride my bike as fast as I could!” What were those speeds? He was clocked at reaching speeds up to 81 miles per hour! Another cyclist reached 79 miles per hour! Another reached 75 miles per hour. This is not on interstate roads (“motorways” for the Brits), but on regular roads! See the photo on the left of this paragraph, showing a typical Tour de France mountain descent. Many people would nervous driving a car at 81 miles per hour on regular roads, but here we have someone on a “push-bike” pushing its limits! One false move and you could be dead! “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). Talk About Penance!!! There are few people on Earth who can possibly comprehend what riders go through during the Tour de France. In an interview with Dr. Stacy Sims―an environmental exercise physiologist and nutrition scientist at the University of Waikato in New Zealand, was a pro women’s cyclist who later went on to work with men’s pro cycling teams like Saxo and Dimension Data during the Tour de France―the interviewer, Louis Bien, gleaned the following information (the quotes of Dr. Sims are taken from his article): Dr. Stacy Sims speaks of “three weeks of intensity” where riders put themselves “through the ringer for three weeks.” At the outset, during “the first week, their body can handle the stress. It’s going to be hard, they’re going to have an elevated metabolism and poor sleep because you have the traveling, you have the racing, you have the poor food that goes with it.” Yet as stress begins to invade and bludgeon the mind and the body, “you really see the body start to bottom out. And you see people start to drop out, getting sick, more crashes because there’s less reaction time available, because their bodies enter so much stress.” Dr. Sims then says that the body begins to fight back during the third week, for it faces a “the idea of fight or flight and the famine situation, where the body is all of a sudden like, ‘OK, I have this increased stress, and I have to deal with it because it’s not going away!’” Experienced riders handle this better than newcomers or “less seasoned riders … who don’t have as much training history, will drop out earlier, or fall and be off the back a lot earlier.” Dr. Sims goes on to say that the July heat presents further danger, for “if they’re not acclimatized to the heat, that increases dehydration status and inflammation, poor abilities to recover. And then when they get into the cold and the altitude [on the mountain climbs], they have that compensation they have to worry about, less oxygen available, and the fitter you are, the more you suffer at altitude”―because you need and consume more oxygen due to being extremely fit. The cold, especially at high altitudes, which is more keenly felt due to the “wind chill” that comes from riding in the open air on a bike, can lead to some riders “getting hypothermic and not being able to control the gears because your hands are frozen. These have some consideration into crashing and attenuating your immune response to exercise.” With all this stress, the body starts to creak and get weak. Dr. Sims points out that “for each successive stress day, you have an increase in cortisol, you have increased inflammation, you have your protein breakdown, which is your catabolism. You’re depleting your fuel stores. And your immune system is very reliant on having glutamine available, which is a key amino acid which is also in the gut. Also having some protein available for white blood cell regeneration and stimulation. You also have the need for a reduction in inflammation in order for the immune system to do what it needs to do, because the response to inflammation, again, is an immune response. So if your body is dealing with body and muscle inflammation, it can’t necessarily deal with virus or bacterial infections that come into play. So as you are continuing to put your body under this stress, after about seven days you’re at this tipping point, so that’s usually when the rest day occurs.” Even Tour de France Riders Crave Sugar during their 3-Week “Lent” Isn’t it strange how some people can crave much more vehemently during Lent the things that they have decided to give up. Sugar is sweet―but sugar is not good! Dr. Sims points out a similar situation for the Tour de France riders. “In my experience working with a lot of the pro riders, all they want is sugar — sugar, sugar, sugar — because they’re in such a depleted state, they’re craving carbohydrates. So instead of trying to help repair, they’re just looking for that quick hit of carbohydrate and quick hit of sugar, and the more they have of the sugar aspect, the worse it is on their gut microbiome, which is also tied to the immune system. Because if they’re eating high sugar diet, then it’s going to reduce the growth of the bacteria that protects from fatigue and inflammation, and helps your immune system, and the more it’s going to grow the bacteria that relies on simple sugar and the metabolites of stress. So it’s a multi-tier effect of why they bottom out.” The cycling team’s doctor and dieticians, like unpopular parents, try to force the riders to eat what is best for their recovery and repair, rather than let them give in to their sugar-cravings. They need to address the catabolic state of the riders and the inevitable inflammation and immune-system depletion that comes along with the stress of high level physical effort for hour after hour, almost one day after another―with only 2 rest days being allowed in 23 days. Dr. Sims then speaks of the proverbial “bonk” which she says “comes from poor recovery or inadequate glucose regeneration and glycogen. We technically say it’s «low energy availability»― but what happens is that they’re not taking in enough to put everything back in their muscle and their liver—their body is using more in the immediate rather than storing it. So as you get further and further into the race, and you have less and less storage, they have to eat more and more, and physically they just don’t have the appetite. So it’s more force feeding both on the bike and off the bike. So as you get more and more into this depleted state, it becomes this fine balance of getting riders to take in enough to be able to perform, but also knowing that they have no appetite, and they’re dehydrated and you have this repercussion aspect. They’re going to hit the wall, they’re going to ‘bonk’, and then it’s all over!” Sink or Swim―Ride or Fall―Fight or Fail The race will not go away! Your body will not go away! You either adapt and persevere or you quit and fail. Dr. Sims, in speaking of the stark realization that finishing the race will require some “blood and guts”, then, as she says, “you get to a point and it becomes about survival. So you are getting a little bit fitter as you’re riding, so that extra fitness comes into play as well, and you’ll have less of a stress response because your body has kind of learned that stress response … Your body is starting to attune to that stress and understand what that is, so when you get into that third week, it’s not as strong of a response to that stress. That is what the «bounce back» is, because you don’t have as much cortisone being released, not as much adrenaline being released. The body is more efficient in carbohydrate utilization, more efficient in fat utilization. The inflammation response isn’t as great, so everything has kind been attenuated and habituated to that response.” Accidents Will Happen Cycling is a sport that mixes tragedy and triumph like few others. While there is perhaps no greater joy in the sport than a solo victory, there is no greater pain than that of a high-speed crash. There are numerous, perhaps countless incidents, of Tour de France riders continuing to ride after being involved in a bad crash. There was one incident in the 2018 Tour de France, where a rider lost control of his bike, skidded, hit a wall and was thrown over the wall. He remounted and continued cycling another 35 miles to the finish line, where it was discovered he had a broken his knee [see the photo of his broken knee to the left of this paragraph]. He was rightly recognized for his courage and bravery with an award for the 'most combative rider of the stage' on the podium. Obviously, he had to withdraw from the race. Hinault was the cherished champion of French cycling in the 1980s. In 1985, he was aiming for his fifth Tour de France win. Only two other riders, Jacques Anquetil and Eddy Merckx, had accomplished this feat. His dreams were nearly crushed when he went down in the last kilometer of Stage 14, landing on his head and breaking his nose. Heroically, Hinault got back on his bike. A trail of blood followed him to the finish line, and he went on to win the Tour de France. Cars will always be a cyclist’s biggest enemy. With around 20 miles to go in the ninth stage of the 2011 Tour de France, Johnny Hoogerland was side swiped by a rival’s team car. As bad as that may sound, the collision wasn’t where the damage occurred. Hoogerland and Spaniard Juan Antonio Flecha were sent flying into a barbed-wire fence. The blood and gashes on Hoogerland’s legs looked like something out of a WWII movie. Years later, Hoogerland is said to still suffer from back pain, mood swings and insomnia as a result of the horrific incident. A brutal day of heat ruined Joseba Beloki’s chances of up-ending Lance Armstrong in the 2003 Tour de France. Entering the day in second place overall, Beloki hit a patch of road tar that had melted from the blazing temperatures. To ompound the matter, Beloki was in the middle of a high-speed descent. The crash was one of the more horrific in Tour de France history. Beloki ended up with a fractured femur, fractured elbow and fractured wrist, and he wouldn’t return to action again until 2004. In the 1951 Tour de France, a historic crash occurred when leader Wim Van Est, experienced a tyre blow-out and went off the road, smashing himself down 70 yards of a steep, rocky ravine. Of course, in those days, he was not wearing a helmet, but astoundingly the Dutchman walked away from the accident and got back in the race. In the 2009 Tour de France, Jens Voigt suffered an epic disaster descending the Col du Petit Saint Bernard. Voigt was traveling in excess of 60 miles per hour when his front wheel hit a bump in the road, sending him face first over the handlebars. What could have been worse was that a trailing photographer on a motorcycle just missed running him over. TV cameras captured Voigt lying completely still for several minutes—leaving most of the viewing audience holding their breath in horror. In the end, Voigt survived, suffering a fractured cheekbone and a severe concussion. The most tragic crash was that of the Italian Fabio Casartelli crashed coming down the Col de Portet d'Aspet in the 1995 Tour de France. The 24-year-old rider crashed along with several other riders on the 15th stage of that year’s Tour. He hit his head on a roadside barrier, which resulted in a massive stream of blood coming from his head. Casartelli was airlifted to hospital, but slipped into a coma and died later that same day. “Know you not that they that run in the race, all run indeed, but one receiveth the prize? So run that you may obtain. And every one that striveth for the mastery, refraineth himself from all things: and they indeed that they may receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible one. I therefore so run, not as at an uncertainty: I so fight, not as one beating the air: but I chastise my body, and bring it into subjection!” (1 Corinthians 9:24-27). Just one more slap in the face that proves that the “children of darkness” have more dedication than the “children of light”! And they do it for an earthly crown, a worldly prize, a materialistic gain! How much more of a prize is Heaven? Yet we complain about the slightest, most trivial, inconsequential, stupid little things! “The children of this world are wiser in their generation than the children of light!” (Luke 16:8). Madness? Five-time Tour de France winner, Bernard Hinault of France, is on record as saying of the Tour de France: “An amateur should think long and hard before attempting one of these stages. Two would probably necessitate a visit to a doctor, and three would require a psychiatrist ― any more, and you should be checking if that person has written a will.” The Words of Pope St. Gregory the Great Our Lord says in another place of the Gospels: “If any man minister to Me, let him follow Me” (John 12:26). To be worthy of Him, we must follow His steps and examine the way in which He walked. And first we see that He, the Creator of all heavenly and reasonable beings, deigned to descend into the womb of a virgin, there to assume the human nature, which He Himself had created out of nothing. We see that He did not choose to be born of rich parents, when taking our human nature, but chose poor parents, who were not even able to offer for Him in the temple a lamb, but only a pair of turtle-doves or two young pigeons. Thus our Redeemer did not seek happiness in this world; He endured insults, scorn, and blasphemies; He allowed Himself to be spat upon, to be buffeted, scourged, crowned with thorns, and nailed to a cross. He would give us to understand that the pleasures we derived from corporeal things, robbed us of the eternal happiness, of which we can again take possession only by drinking the bitter chalice of suffering. Yet, since God suffered so much for man, what suffering will the sinful man be ready to endure? When after all this, a Christian, believing in Jesus Christ, is still ruled and led by avarice or ambition; when he is still devoured by the fire of envy or carnal pleasures; when he is eagerly rushing after the happiness of this world, then we can truly say that, instead of following Jesus, he is despising Him, because he is walking on quite a different road, and not on the road taken by the Son of God during His mortal life of bitter suffering. Let us, therefore, recall to our mind our own wickedness; let us remember that the eternal Judge will punish our sins most severely; then, let us endeavor to destroy them by sorrowful repentance. Now, let us do severe penance, and thus escape in eternity the terrible wrath of an offended God. The tears shed in this life will take us to the joys of heaven, for Our Lord said: “Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted” (Matthew 5:5); whereas the pleasures of this world will, according to the same Savior, bring us to the eternal dwelling of tears and sorrow. “Woe to you that now laugh, for you shall mourn and weep” (Luke 6:25). If we wish to obtain the highest felicity, let us now walk in the path of penance, and our penitential life will not only gain for us great merits with God, but will be to His greater glory; for, according to the words of the Gospel, others will be encouraged by our good example. |